About Question enthuware.ocpjp.v21.2.3096 :

[giginar]

3 - public <T> ArrayList<T> transform(List<T> list) {     return new ArrayList<T>(); };

that works fine.but why these are not working?

1 - public ArrayList<Number> transform(List<Number> list) {     return new ArrayList<Number>(); };
2 - public ArrayList<Object> transform(List<Object> list) {     return new ArrayList<Object>(); };

[admin]

Because the input parameter type in the base class's method is List<T>. What if the user of this method types it to some class XYZ?
In that case, the overriding method with List<Number> or List<Objective> will not be compatible with the base class's version.