About Question enthuware.ocpjp.v8.2.1785 :

[javalass]

The explanation doesn't give us the reason why none of the answers is correct. It is because the Predicate's test() in 1 and 4 and the call to equals() in 2 and 3 always return false, whichever element we apply them to. If we replaced equals() with contains() or startsWith(), they would all be correct.

[admin]

Explanation has now been added.
thank you for your feedback!
Paul.